Mga Sanggunian sa Talmud para sa Mga Bilang 7:8: Jerusalem Talmud Shabbat

Samuel said, they taught this³⁵The disagreement between R. Aqiba and the Sages about one who throws from one private domain to another over a public domain. In his opinion, R. Aqiba declares him liable because he holds that anything within 10 hand-breadths off the soil is as if it was resting; if the object passed within 10 hand-breadths off the soil it is as if it was exported from a private to the public domain and biblically forbidden. only about lower than ten [hand-breadths]. Therefore higher than ten [hand-breadths] it is forbidden³⁶Since it says “forbidden” but not “liable”, the prohibition is purely rabbinic, not biblical.. The statement of Rebbi Eleazar implied that even higher than ten [hand-breadths] it is permitted³⁷Rashba (Novellae ad 97a) reads: “The statement of Rebbi Eleazar implied even higher than ten [hand-breadths],” meaning that the dispute between the Sages and R. Aqiba is not dependent on the height on which the object passes over the public domain. He does not read “it is permitted”. But his (and a similar remark by Ritba ad 97a) cannot be taken as witness to the text since he is dependent on his teacher Nahmanides (Novellae Sabbath, ed. M. Herschler, col. 337–338) who does not read “it is permitted” in the quote from the Yerushalmi. But since he finds it necessary in an appendix to his Commentary to justify his not reading the clause it is clear that he amended the text. It follows that the medieval authors confirm the text as given in the ms. This does not mean that Nahmanides’s emendation as adopted by Rashba not be justified; it is required by the text which follows.. For Rebbi Ila said in the name of Rebbi Eleazar, Rebbi Aqiba learned from the carts^4,Since a situation like this never occurred in the service of the Tabernacle. The Merarites had four carts (Num. 7:8) to carry the planks which formed the walls of the Tabernacle. When the latter was disassembled the carts were lined up on both of its sides and loaded there; therefore it could happen that a plank was transferred from a cart to one parallel to it (as mentioned in the next Mishnah) but never from a cart to one parallel to it when they were separated by the public domain. The loading docks of the carts were more than ten hand-breadths high and four-by-four hand-breadths wide; this qualifies them as private domains. Since the Tabernacle was disassembled during decamping and the curtains surrounding the Tabernacle removed, the area in which the carts were standing reverted to the status of public domain. (Explanation of Maimonides.)³⁸In the Babli (92a, 97a) R. Eleazar derives the prohibition of carrying in the public domain from the work of the Kehatites who carried the contents of the Tabernacles on their shoulders (Num. 7:9).; and were the carts not higher than ten [hand-breadths]³⁹Cf. Chapter 1, Notes 127–129.? Some Tannaim state “how is this”⁴⁰In the first version, which is the text of our Mishnah, Mishnah 2 is a direct continuation of Mishnah 1 and an explanation of the last sentence in that Mishnah. In the second version the two Mishnaiot are not directly connected.; some do not state “how is this”. In Rebbi Eleazar’s opinion there is “how is this”, in Samuels’s opinion there is no “how is this”.

MISHNAH: How is this? Two balconies³Greek ἐξώστρα, ἡ “balcony, bridge between two towers (military)”, also Latin exostra. These are at least ten hand-breadths high and four-by-four hand-breadths wide on top, to constitute separate private domains. one vis-a-vis the other in the public domain: one who hands over or throws from one to the other is not liable⁴Since a situation like this never occurred in the service of the Tabernacle. The Merarites had four carts (Num. 7:8) to carry the planks which formed the walls of the Tabernacle. When the latter was disassembled the carts were lined up on both of its sides and loaded there; therefore it could happen that a plank was transferred from a cart to one parallel to it (as mentioned in the next Mishnah) but never from a cart to one parallel to it when they were separated by the public domain. The loading docks of the carts were more than ten hand-breadths high and four-by-four hand-breadths wide; this qualifies them as private domains. Since the Tabernacle was disassembled during decamping and the curtains surrounding the Tabernacle removed, the area in which the carts were standing reverted to the status of public domain. (Explanation of Maimonides.). If they both were on the same floor⁵Greek δίαιτα, ἡ. Separate balconies on the same floor, extending over the public domain. If one hands over from one to the other one imitates the Merarites in the desert, which is counted as a Sabbath violation. But since the planks of the Tabernacles never were thrown, throwing from one balcony to an other cannot be sanctioned., the one who hands over is liable but the one who throws is not liable, for this⁶Handing over, not throwing. was the service of the Levites.
Two carts, one parallel to the other in the public domain: they⁷The Merarites (Note 4). used to hand over from one to the other but did not throw. The enclosure of a cistern or a rock⁸Surrounded by public domain. high ten [hand-breadths] and wide⁹In two directions so that the surface area of the enclosure or the top of the rock is at least 16 (hand-breadths)². four [hand-breadths]: one who takes from them or puts on them is liable, less than this he is not liable¹⁰If the height is less than ten hand-breadths the place is karmelit; if the surface area is insufficient the place is either karmelit or exempt space (Chapter 1, Note 109), depending on the height..